Oedipus’ Family Tree Explained

Learn the story and family tree of one of Greek mythology’s most fascinating tales

May 23, 2023
Greek mythology is replete with captivating tales that have stood the test of time, and the story of Oedipus is undoubtedly among the most riveting. This tragic tale revolves around the protagonist's harrowing journey, intricately entwined with a complex family tree that weaves together themes of destiny, guilt, and the inescapable consequences of one's actions. Delving deeper into the story of Oedipus and examining the characters and their relationships sheds light on the profound and enduring impact of this timeless myth.

The story of Oedipus

The story of Oedipus begins with a prophecy that casts a shadow over his life from the moment of his birth. An oracle predicts that Oedipus will kill his father and marry his mother, causing immense suffering and shame. In a desperate attempt to prevent this tragic fate, King Laius, Oedipus's father, orders his infant son to be abandoned on a mountainside.
However, fate cannot be so easily evaded. Oedipus is discovered and raised by a childless king and queen from Corinth, oblivious to his true origins. As he grows older, rumors of his adoption and his destined patricide plague him, leading him to leave Corinth in search of his true identity and the resolution of his inner turmoil.
On his journey, Oedipus encounters King Laius and his entourage at a crossroads, where a quarrel ensues. Unbeknownst to Oedipus, King Laius is his biological father, and in the heat of the moment, Oedipus kills him, fulfilling the first part of the prophecy. He continues his journey and arrives in Thebes, a city plagued by the Sphinx, a mythical creature that devours anyone unable to answer her riddle. Oedipus successfully solves the riddle, freeing the city from the Sphinx's clutches and earning the throne of Thebes, as well as the hand of Queen Jocasta, who is his biological mother.

Key characters from the story

Oedipus

The central character and tragic hero of the tale. Oedipus unknowingly fulfills the prophecy, inadvertently killing his father and marrying his mother, Jocasta. He is driven by a relentless search for truth and redemption.

Laius

King Laius, the biological father of Oedipus, tries to evade the prophecy by ordering his son's abandonment. However, he unwittingly sets the wheels of fate in motion and is eventually killed by Oedipus.

Jocasta

Queen Jocasta, Oedipus's mother, becomes his wife through a cruel twist of fate. After she discovers the horrifying truth about their relationship, she commits suicide.

Polybus and Merope of Corinth

Polybus and Merope of Corinth are the adoptive parents who raise Oedipus after he is abandoned as an infant. Polybus, the king of Corinth, and his wife Merope provide Oedipus with a loving and nurturing home, unaware of his true lineage. Their care and support shape Oedipus's character and identity, as he grows up believing them to be his biological parents.

The Sphinx

A mythical creature with the body of a lion and the head of a human. The Sphinx poses a riddle to all who approach Thebes, devouring those who fail to answer correctly. Oedipus successfully solves the riddle, liberating the city and earning his place as king.

The family tree

The family tree of Oedipus is as intricate and convoluted as the events of his life. Let us explore the key connections and relationships that give shape to this complex lineage:
  • Laius and Jocasta: King Laius and Queen Jocasta are married and rule over Thebes. They are both parents to Oedipus, making Jocasta both Oedipus's mother and wife.
  • Oedipus and Jocasta: Unaware of their familial ties, Oedipus and Jocasta marry, creating a complex and forbidden union. Their marriage ultimately unravels the truth of their blood relationship, plunging them into a world of guilt and despair.
  • Oedipus and his children: Tragically, Oedipus and Jocasta have four children together: Eteocles, Polyneices, Antigone, and Ismene. These children bear witness to the devastating consequences of their parents' unknowing transgressions. The weight of their lineage becomes an inescapable burden that they must bear.
  • Oedipus and his siblings: Through his parents' actions, Oedipus unwittingly becomes both the son and the half-brother of his children. The family tree becomes entangled, blurring the lines between parentage and sibling relationships. The incestuous nature of these connections reflects the tragic entrapment of Oedipus and the curse that seems to haunt his bloodline.
A visual representation of the family tree is below.
notion image
As the story unfolds, the family tree reveals its dark and twisted branches, each member entangled in a web of fate and tragedy. The sins of the past reverberate through the generations, inflicting pain and suffering on those caught in the grip of destiny.
Furthermore, the story of Oedipus emphasizes the power of prophecy and the inability to escape one's predetermined fate. Despite the desperate attempts of King Laius and Queen Jocasta to defy the oracle's prophecy by abandoning their child, the prophecy is ultimately fulfilled. The family tree stands as a testament to the relentless march of destiny, highlighting the tragic irony of human efforts to alter the course of their lives.
The consequences of Oedipus's actions reverberate not only through his immediate family but also through the city of Thebes itself. Thebes suffers from a devastating plague, a direct result of the defilement of sacred familial and societal boundaries. Oedipus's quest for truth and justice becomes intertwined with the city's struggle for redemption, highlighting the interconnectedness of personal and communal destinies.
The story of Oedipus and its intricate family tree serve as a timeless reminder of the profound impact of fate, guilt, and the inescapable ties that bind us. The tale invites us to ponder the complexities of human relationships, the consequences of our actions, and the limits of our agency in the face of destiny. Oedipus's tragic journey continues to resonate with audiences across the ages, offering profound insights into the human condition and the eternal struggle between free will and predetermined fate.
Either way, it’s a fascinating story and family tree.

Make your own family tree in Kintree

The family tree above was made in MS PowerPoint because Kintree currently does not support intra-family relationships. If you want to make something similar in PowerPoint, see our guide. Otherwise, if your family tree is simpler and you want to make a beautiful one easily, you can do so by creating an account and going to your profile to start a new tree.